The Gulbahar Hatun Mosque

Hagia Sophia stands as one of the most visited museums and a truly iconic monument worldwide, celebrated for both its artistic grandeur and architectural brilliance. Back in the 6th century, East Roman Philon even dubbed it "the eighth wonder of the world," which speaks volumes about its timeless allure. Standing proudly in Istanbul, Turkey, Hagia Sophia has witnessed the ebb and flow of empires, serving as a cathedral, a mosque, and now a museum. Its stunning domes and intricate mosaics tell stories of a rich past, captivating travelers from every corner of the globe. As you wander through its hallowed halls, you can almost hear the whispers of history echoing around you. Don't forget to look up and marvel at the vast dome, a masterpiece of engineering that seems to float effortlessly above.

Sumela is a remarkable 1,600-year-old Orthodox monastery perched dramatically at an altitude of 1,200 meters on a steep cliff in the Macka region of Trabzon, Turkey. This ancient marvel is not just a feast for the eyes but a journey back in time, offering a glimpse into the spiritual and architectural wonders of the past. The monastery's stunning location, surrounded by lush greenery and the rugged beauty of the Pontic Mountains, makes it a must-visit for any traveler seeking both adventure and tranquility. As you explore the intricate frescoes and ancient stone walls, you'll feel a profound connection to the history that has unfolded in this breathtaking corner of the world. Don't forget to bring your camera; the views are absolutely Instagram-worthy!

Palandöken Mountain, standing majestically at 3,185 meters, is nestled just south of Erzurum. It's a place that promises adventure and awe to anyone who visits. This mountain isn't just a natural wonder; it's also the subject of the country's first comprehensive study on tourism potential. The findings were clear: Palandöken has what it takes to become a premier international resort. The snow here is legendary, offering some of the best powder for skiing enthusiasts. Whether you're a seasoned pro or a beginner, the slopes cater to all skill levels. As you glide down, the crisp mountain air fills your lungs, and the panoramic views are nothing short of breathtaking. Plus, the après-ski scene is buzzing with cozy cafés and lively spots to unwind after a day on the slopes. And here's a fun tidbit: Erzurum is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. When you're ready to take a break from skiing, explore the city's ancient architecture and vibrant local markets. It's a destination that truly offers a blend of adventure and culture, making it an unforgettable experience.

Nestled along the historic Silk Road, Erzurum Castle stands proudly in the region of Horasan - Pasinler - Erzurum, just 79 kilometers from Erzurum Province. While the exact date of its construction remains a mystery, historians believe the Byzantines erected this imposing fortress in the early 5th century A.D. Exploring the castle is like stepping back in time, with its ancient stones whispering tales of trade and conquest. The surrounding landscape offers breathtaking views, a testament to the strategic importance of this location. As you wander through its storied corridors, imagine the bustling caravans that once passed by, laden with silk and spices, connecting distant cultures. Erzurum Castle is not just a relic of the past, but a living reminder of a world where East met West.

Nestled on Cumhuriyet Caddesi in the heart of the city, Ulu Mosque is a gem that's easy to reach, thanks to its central location. This grand mosque is a testament to the architectural brilliance of the Anatolian Seljuk Period, showcasing all the hallmarks of that era. Its striking rectangular plan is a standout feature, inviting visitors to appreciate its design and history. While you're there, take a moment to soak in the serene atmosphere. The mosque not only serves as a place of worship but also as a cultural hub where locals gather, sharing stories and laughter. You'll find the intricate stonework and calligraphy captivating, each detail telling a story of its own. Don't miss the chance to explore the nearby streets, brimming with charming cafes and shops, offering a taste of the local lifestyle.

Nestled in an awe-inspiring landscape, this area is a haven for those seeking to discover rare specimens of both flora and fauna. It's a paradise for eco-tourism, offering summer camping and exhilarating mountain horse-riding. For the thrill-seekers, there are adrenaline-pumping activities like mountain climbing that promise to get your heart racing. Not only is this reserve a sanctuary for nature lovers, but it's also a UNESCO World Heritage site, reflecting its global significance. The diverse ecosystems here provide a unique opportunity to observe wildlife in its natural habitat, making it a must-visit for anyone passionate about conservation and adventure.

Nestled in the Kurortnii Gorodok of Adler is the dazzling Aquapark Amfibius, a place so expansive it feels like a "city within a city." Spanning over two hectares, this massive playground defies imagination. The moment you step inside, it's clear the organizers have thought of everything to ensure you experience a carefree, unforgettable holiday. The sheer size and variety of entertainment options are designed to impress even the most seasoned travelers. The aquapark boasts 16 thrilling rides, catering to both kids and adults alike. Your adventure begins with the "Kamikadze," three exhilarating 15-meter-high slides that even speed enthusiasts will find electrifying. Next, make your way to the vibrant "Laguna" for some sharp twists and turns, then onto the whimsically named "Giant," which promises a whirlwind of excitement. Don't miss the unique "Taboga," a water slalom that challenges you to keep your balance. For those seeking a bit of adrenaline, the "Blue Hall" awaits. This gigantic blue tube, with its intense twists and turns, is a test even for the bravest souls, ending with a thrilling 100-meter flight. All these water attractions are conveniently located within one pool, ensuring that your day is filled with color, fun, sunshine, and the welcoming embrace of warm water. Once you've experienced the wonders of Aquapark Amfibius, it's hard not to dream of returning. Beyond the rides, the park offers a slice of local culture with nearby cafes serving traditional Russian snacks, adding to the immersive experience.

The Circuit in the Olympic Park is a must-visit for speed enthusiasts and car aficionados. It provides a range of exciting services for everyone who craves the thrill of the racetrack. Picture this: the roar of engines, the smell of rubber on asphalt, and the adrenaline rush as you take on the curves of this iconic circuit. The track, nestled within the stunning surroundings of the Olympic Park, offers a unique opportunity to experience the thrill of racing in a location steeped in history and modernity. Whether you're a seasoned driver or a curious newbie, there's something here to ignite your passion for motorsports. Don't forget to check out the nearby attractions, like the Fisht Olympic Stadium and the Sochi Olympic Park, to make the most of your visit.

Nestled in the heart of history, this remarkable structure was once hailed as the largest enclosed market following Istanbul during the Ottoman era. Dating back to the 15th century, it holds a unique charm that echoes through its ancient walls. Among its many fascinating features is an inscription from the bazaar built by Hacı Efendi in 1844, the sole surviving text within the building. A devastating fire in 1870 almost entirely consumed the bazaar, but thanks to the determination of Osman Pasha of Maraş, it rose from the ashes. Reconstructed with robust stone materials, the market was affectionately dubbed the "magnificent masonry market," boasting over two thousand shops as recorded in the 1907 Ankara Yearbook. Today, the Grand Bazaar continues to be a bustling hub where locals and visitors alike can explore a myriad of shops offering local delicacies and exquisite handicrafts. It's a place where the aroma of spices mingles with the vibrant colors of traditional textiles, creating an unforgettable sensory experience. While wandering through its lively alleys, don't miss the chance to savor some authentic Turkish delight or discover a handcrafted souvenir to take home. This historic market is not just a shopping destination; it's a journey through time where every corner tells a story.

Nestled in the historic heart of Kayseri, you’ll find the Zeynel Abidin Tomb, a serene spot that whispers tales of the past. This sacred site, once the vision of Zeynel Abidin, a notable figure of the Rufai Sect, features a lodge, mosque, and fountain that continue to draw visitors with their tranquil charm. Known locally as Imam Sultan, Zeynel Abidin passed away in Kayseri in 1414. His final resting place became the foundation for a modest mausoleum, which was later replaced in 1886 during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II. The existing tomb is a square structure adorned with a dome, offering a glimpse into the architectural elegance of the era. Each of its three-windowed sides displays couplets that add a poetic touch to the solemn atmosphere. At the heart of this peaceful sanctuary lies the sarcophagus of Zeynel Abidin, a tribute to his enduring legacy. The entrance proudly features an inscription on an oval medallion, welcoming visitors into a space that feels both timeless and reverent. While you explore, take a moment to appreciate the intricate design of the windows, each one telling its own story through the verses inscribed upon them. The tomb is not just a historical monument; it's a testament to the spiritual and cultural heritage of the region, offering a unique insight into the past for those who visit.

Imagine strolling through the heart of Kayseri, where history whispers through the streets. Standing proudly since 1906, the Clock Tower II is a remarkable piece of architecture, brought to life by the skilled hands of Tavlusunlu Salih Usta. Commissioned by Abdülhamit and with the backing of the then-governor, Haydar Bey, this tower is more than just a timekeeper. Next to it lies a rectangular space, originally designed as a clock room, adding to the charm of this historical marvel. The tower itself reaches an impressive height of 15 meters, accessible by a spiral staircase that winds its way to the top. During the period of the National Struggle, this very place served as the Kayseri Branch for the Anadolu and Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemlığı, marking it as a site of significant historical importance. At the pinnacle of the pointed pyramidal cone that crowns the tower, a rectangular opening houses the clock bell. The structure is crafted from cut stone and divided into three distinct sections, each separated by transversely arranged moldings. The upper section boasts circular openings on each side, perfectly framing the clock faces. The Clock Tower is not merely an old structure; it is a testament to the craftsmanship and history of the region. While you're there, take a moment to appreciate the intricate stonework and imagine the stories that have unfolded around this iconic landmark. Kayseri, with its rich history and stunning architecture, is a treasure trove waiting to be explored.

Nestled in the heart of the city, the museum offers a captivating journey through the medieval Anatolian and Seljuk Civilization. Designed with a thematic flair, it invites visitors to explore two distinct sections. One shines a spotlight on the splendor of the Seljuk era, showcasing areas like 'Seljuk City,' 'architecture,' 'art,' 'science,' 'clothing,' and the influence of the Seljuks in Kayseri and Anatolia. The other section highlights the healing arts, featuring intriguing exhibits on 'diseases,' 'treatment methods and instruments,' 'scholars,' 'medicine,' 'water and health,' 'music treatment,' and 'color treatment.' Beyond just historical artifacts, the museum embraces modern technology with interactive displays that make learning about the Seljuk Civilization an immersive experience. Visitors can listen, experiment, and engage with the past through these innovative tools. For younger guests, the children's room offers cartoons and games to spark a love for history and Seljuk culture. The museum also hosts concerts and cultural events, adding a lively dimension to its educational offerings. Fun fact: Kayseri, where the museum is located, is known for its stunning Mount Erciyes and is a fantastic destination for skiing enthusiasts in winter. The city's rich culinary scene, especially its famous mantı (Turkish dumplings), is a must-try for food lovers.

Nestled in the charming Kasaba village of Yavuzeli, Gaziantep, stands a majestic Greek castle. This ancient fortress proudly overlooks where the Fırat River meets the Merzimen stream. Believed to have been constructed in 840 B.C. during the late Hittite period, this historic site whispers tales of a bygone era. Exploring the castle grounds, you'll find yourself transported back in time, imagining the stories and lives that once unfolded within these stone walls. The views from the castle are nothing short of breathtaking, offering a sweeping panorama of the surrounding landscape. Gaziantep itself is a city rich in history and culture, known for its exquisite cuisine and warm hospitality. While in the area, don't miss the opportunity to taste some of the local delicacies, like the world-famous Gaziantep baklava and succulent kebabs. Whether you're a history buff or just someone who appreciates stunning architecture, this Greek castle is a must-see. It's a place where the past and present beautifully intertwine, leaving visitors with a sense of wonder and a deeper appreciation for the stories etched into every stone.

In the city of Kahramanmaraş, one of the significant historical gems is the Hatuniye Mosque, dating back to the Ottoman period. This mosque is a testament to the rich cultural heritage that defines the region. Walking through its majestic halls, you can almost hear the whispers of history echoing in the air. Kahramanmaraş is not just about its historical sites. It's also renowned for its delicious ice cream, known as dondurma, which has a unique stretchy texture. Be sure to savor a scoop while exploring this fascinating city. The combination of tradition and flavor creates an unforgettable experience for any traveler.

Nestled in the heart of Turkey, Mount Erciyes towers at an impressive 3,916 meters. This majestic volcanic giant, eternally cloaked in snow and mist, has become a defining symbol of Kayseri. Its fiery past is etched into the region's history, as the volcanic eruptions that once shaped the landscape also created the whimsical fairy-chimneys of nearby Cappadocia. The ancient Meek people, who once thrived at the mountain's base, were so captivated by its power that they minted coins depicting Erciyes with lava dramatically spewing from its peak. The mountain's allure extends far beyond its mythical past. In 1837, W. J. Hamilton became the first to conquer its summit, followed by the first Turkish ascent by Miralay Cemil Cahit Bey in 1924. Today, Erciyes is a magnet for adventure seekers and snow enthusiasts alike, boasting some of Turkey's finest winter sports facilities. From the top, when the skies are clear, the view is nothing short of breathtaking. You can gaze across a panorama that stretches from the enchanting valleys of Cappadocia to the rugged Taurus Mountains. For those who love a blend of history and outdoor thrills, Mount Erciyes offers an unforgettable experience. Beyond the slopes and trails, Kayseri itself is worth exploring. Known for its rich culinary scene, don't miss the chance to try 'mantı,' a local dumpling dish that will delight your taste buds. Whether you're carving through fresh powder or soaking in the cultural vibes, Mount Erciyes and its surroundings promise a unique Turkish adventure.

The Ulu (Grand) Mosque, standing tall since the 15th century, is a significant historical gem in the region. Its age-old walls echo stories of the past, inviting you to imagine the lives and events that have unfolded within. As you walk through its ancient halls, you can almost feel the whisper of history in the air. The mosque is not just an architectural marvel; it's a testament to the area's rich cultural heritage. Visitors often find themselves captivated by its intricate designs and the serene atmosphere that envelops the entire site. If you're a history enthusiast or someone who simply appreciates stunning architecture, this is a must-visit spot.

Welcome to the oldest mosque in Gaziantep, a true gem of history and architecture. Built in 1357 by Boyacı Yusuf and Kadı Kemalettin, this mosque is a stunning example of Turkish Mamluk artistry. Its marble and tile decorations are nothing short of spectacular, each piece telling a story of its own. The wooden balcony here is particularly special. It's the oldest example of wooden craftsmanship in Gaziantep, featuring twelve-branched stars adorned with pelmet, rosette, and geometric motifs. As you explore this historic site, you'll be transported back in time. The mosque's serene atmosphere invites contemplation and wonder, a perfect spot to pause and appreciate the artistry that has stood the test of centuries. Take a moment to gaze up at the intricate designs on the ceiling; they’re a testament to the skilled artisans who once worked tirelessly to create such beauty. Plus, nearby, you'll find charming local cafes where you can savor traditional Turkish tea and pastries. This blend of history and culture makes a visit to Gaziantep's oldest mosque an unforgettable experience.

Yuşa Peygamber, a notable figure in history, was one of the sons of İsrail and the nephew of Hz. Musa. He played a pivotal role in leading the people of İsrail from their nomadic ways to settle in the land of Arzı Kenan. This transition marked a significant chapter in the region's rich history, blending ancient traditions with new beginnings. If you find yourself exploring this area, take a moment to appreciate the deep-seated history that surrounds you. The landscape itself is a testimony to the perseverance and vision of those who came before. It's a place where stories from the past continue to echo, inviting visitors to imagine the lives led by those who once called it home.

Nestled between Yesilhisar and Yahyali in the picturesque province of Kayseri, you'll find a natural wonderland that's truly worth exploring. This area boasts four distinct locations, each offering its own unique charm: Yay Lake spans a vast 3,650 hectares, Kebir Sazligi covers 1,900 hectares, Sultansazligi stretches over 3,300 hectares, and Otluk Alan is the largest, with an impressive 8,350 hectares. Kayseri's natural reserve is renowned for its stunning landscapes and rich biodiversity. Birdwatchers will be in paradise, as these wetlands are home to a variety of migratory birds, making it a prime spot for ornithologists and nature lovers alike. The serene beauty of these areas is perfect for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether you're an avid hiker or just looking for a peaceful retreat, the lush greenery and tranquil waters will captivate your senses. It's not just the scenery that's appealing; the region's history and culture are also fascinating. Kayseri itself is known for its delicious cuisine, so be sure to try some local dishes while you're there. The blend of natural beauty and cultural richness makes this destination a must-visit for any traveler seeking a unique adventure.

Nestled within the Opukske Reserve on the outskirts of Kerch, Lake Koyashske stands as one of the Crimean Peninsula's most exceptional natural wonders. It's not just another body of water; this lake is famed for its distinct characteristics. Known as the saltiest lake in Crimea, a single liter of its water contains a whopping 350 grams of salt, a fact that has historically drawn locals to harvest this valuable mineral. However, what truly sets Lake Koyashske apart is its chameleon-like nature. When the heat is on, the lake turns a mesmerizing shade of pink, creating a stunning contrast with the pristine white shores and the deep blue of the Black Sea. The secret behind this vibrant hue lies in the microscopic algae that inhabit the water. These tiny organisms contain a special scarlet pigment, lending the lake its unique color. Adding to the spectacle are the brine shrimps that call this place home, contributing to the lake's distinctive red tones. Interestingly, the best time to visit this natural wonder is during the warmer months when the sun enhances the lake's pink color, making it a photographer's paradise. The area is a haven for nature lovers, offering a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. If you're planning a trip, don't forget to pack a good pair of walking shoes to explore the surrounding reserve, where you might spot some local wildlife or enjoy a quiet moment of reflection by the vibrant waters.

Nestled along the eastern coast of Kerch, the remains of the former Turkish fortress Yeni-Kale offer a fascinating glimpse into the past. This architectural gem is not just a historical site; it's one of the most captivating and emblematic attractions in the region. Imagine standing amidst its picturesque ruins, where powerful walls once defended against the backdrop of the Black Sea. Built in the early 18th century, during a period of intense rivalry between the Ottoman and Russian empires, this fort tells a story of strategic dominance and cultural exchange. The construction of Yeni-Kale was a collaboration of international expertise: an esteemed Italian architect led the project alongside skilled French engineers. Within just a few years, these fortifications emerged, aptly named Yeni-Kale, or "New Fortress" in Turkish. Perched on the steep shore at the narrowest part of Kerch Bay, the fort was armed with formidable cannons. Its strategic placement was crucial for the Ottomans, effectively blocking Russian ships from venturing toward the Azov and Black Seas. Beyond its military might, Yeni-Kale also served as the residence of the Turkish pasha, adding a layer of political significance to its robust defenses. Today, visitors can wander through the remnants of this once-mighty stronghold, imagining the vibrant life that must have thrived within its walls. The site offers not only a peek into the past but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. As you explore, take a moment to appreciate the blend of Italian flair and French precision that crafted such a remarkable piece of history.

Nestled in the heart of the Kerch Peninsula, the Historical and Archeological Museum stands as a testament to Ukraine's rich past. It's not just one of the oldest museums in the country, but it also boasts an impressive collection of unique artifacts spanning various eras. This museum is a must-visit for anyone venturing into Kerch, offering a fascinating glimpse into the tapestry of human history. The museum's exhibits range from ancient tools and jewelry to intricate pottery, each item whispering tales of civilizations long gone. As you wander through its halls, you can't help but feel a connection to the past, imagining the hands that crafted these objects. It's a place where history comes alive, inviting you to pause and ponder the stories behind each relic. While you're there, don't miss the chance to explore the surrounding area. Kerch itself is steeped in history, with ancient sites and stunning views of the Black Sea. The blend of cultural heritage and natural beauty makes this peninsula an unforgettable destination.

Nestled at the foot of Lviv High Castle, the Church of St. John the Baptist stands as a testament to the city's rich history. This architectural gem, located near the Old Market, which was once medieval Lviv's bustling trade hub, is among the oldest structures in the city. The church's timeless charm is a delightful reminder of the past. Its walls whisper stories of centuries gone by, making it a must-visit for history buffs and curious wanderers alike. While in the area, take a leisurely stroll through the Old Market. It's a place where you can almost feel the echoes of lively merchants and traders who once filled the space with their goods and tales.

Mount Mithridat rises majestically above the town, reaching almost one hundred meters high. It stands proudly as Kerch's main tourist attraction and an enduring symbol of the town. This remarkable spot is a fascinating blend of various historical and cultural eras, each leaving its mark through unique monuments scattered along the mountain's slopes and at its base. If you're up for a bit of adventure, the trek to the top is well worth the effort. You’ll be rewarded with breathtaking panoramic views that stretch far and wide. It’s a perfect spot for snapping some unforgettable photos, so don’t forget your camera. From ancient ruins to modern-day marvels, Mount Mithridat offers a captivating glimpse into the past while providing a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of daily life.

The Kerch Peninsula is renowned for its ancient burial mounds, but none are quite as enigmatic and awe-inspiring as the Tsar's Burial Mound. Perched on an 18-meter (60-foot) natural hill, this architectural marvel from the 4th century B.C. stands as a true masterpiece of antiquity. It's not just a burial site; it's a journey back in time. The Tsar's Burial Mound, with its impeccable architectural design, serves as the final resting place for one of the Bosporian kings. Many historians are convinced that Tsar Levkon I, who led the Crimean Bosporus to its zenith of power and prosperity, lies here. The innovation in its construction is what truly sets this mound apart. Imagine this: a corridor, known as the dromos, stretches 37 meters long, built with precision using right-angled stone slabs. As you step inside, you experience an intriguing optical illusion. From the entrance, the path to the burial chamber seems shorter and wider, but from within, it appears longer and narrower. This clever design, achieved by varying the width and angles of the dromos walls, was intended to convey the idea that the journey to the afterlife is swift, while the return is a lengthy ordeal. Some suggest this corridor symbolizes the soul's transition to the next world. Kerch itself is a city steeped in history, where traces of the ancient Greek and Roman empires still linger. Beyond the Tsar's Burial Mound, you can explore other archaeological sites and museums that offer a glimpse into this fascinating past. The blend of history, culture, and scenic beauty makes Kerch a captivating destination for any traveler.

Step into Aleppo, a city that feels like a living museum, where the echoes of ancient civilizations whisper through its streets. As one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Aleppo is a treasure trove of history that stretches back over four millennia. The city's crown jewel is undoubtedly the Citadel of Aleppo, an architectural marvel that stands as a testament to its rich and intricate past. Exploring the Citadel is like peeling back layers of time. This fortress has seen empires rise and fall, and its walls have stories to tell from every era of Near Eastern history. The Citadel isn't just a relic of the past; it's a vibrant part of the city's present, with locals and visitors alike marveling at its grandeur. While you're wandering through Aleppo, take a moment to savor the aroma of its famous souks. The bustling markets are filled with the scent of exotic spices, handmade crafts, and the lively chatter of traders. Don’t miss trying some local delicacies; Aleppo is famous for its cuisine, which is as rich and diverse as its history. Whether you're a history buff or just someone who loves to explore new cultures, Aleppo offers a unique glimpse into a world where ancient and modern coexist in harmony. It's a place that invites you to walk its storied paths and become a part of its ongoing narrative.

Imagine stepping back in time as you wander through Aleppo, one of the oldest cities still bustling with life today. It's like flipping through a history book where every page tells tales of more than four thousand years of Near Eastern history. The Citadel of Aleppo stands as a testament to this rich past, a compact world of its own where layers of history are stacked like a delicious mille-feuille. Most of the citadel's impressive structures were crafted by the Ayyubids during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Yet, you can also find significant remnants from the Ottoman era, starting from the sixteenth century. Perched on a natural limestone hill that rises about 100 feet (30 meters) above the surrounding plain, the citadel's towering walls, grand entry bridge, and majestic gateway still command the city's skyline. Within its boundaries, the inner structures have been weathered by invasions, earthquakes, and the relentless passage of time. However, recent archaeological digs have revealed something truly exciting: the remnants of a significant Bronze Age neo-Hittite temple. This ancient sanctuary, mainly active during the third and second millennia B.C., is adorned with intricate reliefs featuring deities and mythical creatures. These artistic treasures add a captivating chapter to Syria’s early history. For those who love a good story mixed with a bit of mystery, Aleppo's Citadel is a must-see. The blend of history and culture is palpable, offering insights into ancient civilizations that once thrived here. As you stroll through its ancient corridors, you're not just observing history; you're part of a timeless narrative.

Imagine stepping back in time as you wander through the historic halls of the National Museum of Aleppo. Established in 1931, this treasure trove of art and archaeology has its roots in a collection that began in 1928. Originally focused on artifacts from the dawn of civilization up to the pre-Greco-Roman era, the museum's early finds were predominantly from Tell Halaf. By the late 1960s, the collection had outgrown its Ottoman-era home, prompting the creation of a new, modern museum building. This new space was completed and opened to the public in 1972, and it continues to captivate visitors with its diverse exhibits. The Pre-historic Art wing showcases fascinating relics like ancient bones and pottery from Syria and the Euphrates Valley. Some of these items date back a staggering million years, offering a glimpse into a time long before written history emerged around 3,200 BC. It's a humbling experience to stand in the presence of objects that predate human civilization as we know it. Moving into the Arab Islamic Art section, you'll find displays organized by function and medium, featuring pottery, ceramics, metalwork, and glass from various Islamic dynasties. The collection includes stunning gold and silver coins from the Umayyad, Abbasid, Ayyubid, and Mamluk periods. A particular highlight is a stone cenotaph adorned with exquisite floriated kufic calligraphy. Don't miss the side chamber, where medieval military equipment and an intricately designed Ottoman wooden ceiling are on display. For those with a passion for contemporary creations, the Modern Art wing offers a rich selection of paintings by Syrian artists, especially those from Aleppo. Explore a variety of styles, from realism to cubism and expressionism, reflecting the vibrant artistic spirit of the region. If you ever find yourself in Aleppo, this museum is a must-visit destination. It's not just a place to see art and artifacts; it's a journey through time, offering insights into the rich cultural heritage of Syria. So, take your time, soak it all in, and let history speak to you through these incredible pieces.

Nestled right in the heart of Aleppo, the Great Mosque stands as a testament to the city's rich history. Built during the Omayyad period, this architectural marvel has witnessed centuries of change and restoration. Construction began just a decade after the famous Damascus Omayyad Mosque, making it one of the pioneering structures of early Islamic architecture. It's surrounded by a bustling commercial district filled with bazaars and madrasas, offering a vivid glimpse into the city's vibrant daily life. Interestingly, the mosque shares its neighborhood with remnants from pre-Islamic times, including an ancient Roman temple and a Byzantine church. These historical layers add a fascinating depth to the area, blending different eras seamlessly. Over the years, the mosque has been a canvas for numerous repairs and renovations. In 715, Omayyad Caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik initiated the construction of a Friday Mosque on what was then a cathedral site. Centuries later, in 926, Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros II attacked Aleppo. The damage was significant, but Seyfuddevle al-Hamadani restored the mosque in 965. When the Great Seljuks took control, Sultan Malik Shah launched a major restoration project, adding the iconic minaret that stands today. This minaret, with its square structure, is particularly striking. Its bands of Kufic inscriptions, stylized floral and Rumi motifs, and intricate stalactite designs are nothing short of mesmerizing. During Sultan Malik Shah's reign, his brother Tutus also contributed to the mosque's upkeep with repairs in 1090. For those captivated by history, Aleppo's Great Mosque isn't just a building; it's a journey through time. The mosque's surroundings offer a rich cultural tapestry, with the bustling sounds and scents of nearby bazaars providing a sensory experience. It's a place where the past and present coexist beautifully, inviting visitors to explore and reflect on the passage of time.

The Great Umayyad Mosque stands as a stunning testament to the grandeur of Islamic civilization, radiating historical pride. This architectural marvel has significantly shaped the evolution of mosque architecture throughout the Muslim world. Its intricate design and majestic presence make it a must-see for anyone fascinated by history and culture. As you wander through its vast courtyards and admire the exquisite details of its structure, you'll be transported back in time. The mosque's walls echo stories of ancient times, and the atmosphere feels almost sacred. Did you know that the site was originally a temple dedicated to Jupiter before transforming into a church and finally a mosque? This rich history adds layers of depth to your visit, making it even more memorable.

Aqua Vega Aquarium is a mesmerizing jewel nestled in Ankara, Turkey. It's not just one of Turkey's largest tunnel aquariums but also ranks among the biggest in Europe. Imagine wandering through a 98-meter-long tunnel surrounded by 4.5 million liters of water. It's like stepping into another world where the wonders of the ocean unfold all around you. The aquarium offers a captivating mix of both saltwater and freshwater environments, each with its own unique charm. You'll meet an array of fascinating sea creatures, from the mysterious depths of the world's oceans to the lively rivers. This place is perfect for anyone curious about the marine universe. Aqua Vega Aquarium gives you a chance to explore the colorful and serene world of aquatic life right in the heart of Ankara. It's not just an aquarium; it's a journey into the mysteries of the sea. And while you're there, don't miss the chance to learn about the conservation efforts they support, which aim to protect these incredible marine habitats for future generations.

Imagine stepping into a place where history whispers through the walls. That's exactly what you experience at the Ulucanlar Prison Museum in Ankara, Turkey. Established in 1925, this prison housed journalists, writers, poets, and politicians for decades until it closed in 2006. In 2011, the Altındağ Municipality breathed new life into the site, transforming it into a museum that invites visitors to explore its past. Walking through the museum, you find yourself in the very courtyards where these influential figures once stood. It's a poignant experience, seeing personal belongings and photographs that capture moments from their time in confinement. These items tell stories of resilience and courage, echoing the voices of those who fought for their beliefs. The museum is open from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM but is closed on Mondays. If you plan to visit, make sure to allocate enough time to fully absorb the atmosphere and reflect on the powerful narratives housed within these historic walls. It's not just a visit; it's a journey through time. While you're in Ankara, consider exploring other nearby attractions, such as the stunning Atakule Tower or the historic Ankara Castle, both offering unique perspectives on this vibrant city. And remember, each corner of Ankara has its own story to tell, just like the Ulucanlar Prison Museum.

The exact date of Ankara Castle's construction remains a mystery, though it's often attributed to the Hittites, who maintained a military presence in the area. However, this theory lacks solid archaeological backing. Nestled on a hill, the castle has stood its ground since ancient times, witnessing the eras of the Romans, Byzantines, and Seljuks. It's composed of an inner section at the hill's peak and an outer wall that wraps around the old city of Ankara, boasting about 20 towers. This outer fortification is like a guardian encircling the historic part of the city. Throughout history, Ankara Castle has seen its share of drama. In the 2nd century BC, after the Romans took over Galatia, which includes the Ankara region, the city expanded beyond the castle's boundaries. Roman Emperor Caracalla took action in 217 AD to repair the castle walls. Between 222 and 260 AD, the Persians defeated Emperors Severus Alexander and Valerian, leading to partial destruction of the fortress. The Romans later resumed repairs in the latter half of the 7th century. Emperor Constantine added an outer wall in 688, and by 740, Emperor Leo IV had reinforced the inner castle walls. The 9th century saw further restoration under Emperors Nikephoros and Basil. Today, exploring the castle offers a glimpse into a rich past, with each stone whispering tales of bygone eras. The panoramic views from the top are simply breathtaking, showcasing the sprawling modern city juxtaposed against its ancient roots. It's a must-visit for history buffs and anyone with a curious spirit.

Nestled in the heart of Ankara, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is a true haven for history enthusiasts. This remarkable museum serves as a gateway to Turkey's ancient past, showcasing stunning artifacts from some of the most significant archaeological sites in Anatolia. It's like a treasure trove waiting to be explored, offering a fascinating glimpse into the rich and varied history of this region. Few places in the world can offer such a comprehensive chronological journey through human progress. The Anatolian Civilizations Museum is one of those rare gems. The exhibits are arranged in a captivating spiral, guiding visitors from the depths of time—900,000 years ago—right up to the present day. It's a journey that leaves you in awe of humanity's incredible advancements. The museum proudly displays priceless artifacts from the Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages, along with items from the Hittite, Phrygian, Urartu, and Roman civilizations. Each piece tells a story of the people who once called this land home. As you wander through the galleries, you might feel as if you've stepped into a time machine, traveling through eras that shaped the world as we know it today. Ankara itself is a city that beautifully balances its ancient roots with modern life. While you're there, don't miss the chance to stroll through the bustling streets, where traditional Turkish markets meet contemporary cafes. It's a city that invites you to explore its layers, much like the museum itself.

Nestled in the heart of Ankara, the ancient theatre is a hidden gem that whispers stories of the past. It was masterfully built on a semicircular plan, with the citadel's hillside embracing its audience like an old friend. Imagine walking through the vaulted passages that once led to the orchestra, a semicircular hub where choirs filled the air with melodies during performances. This theatre, measuring around 13 meters in diameter, is encircled by a robust wall that has stood the test of time. Curiously, the material that once adorned the orchestra's floor remains a mystery. The proscenium, the very platform where actors brought stories to life, still stands today. Although only the northern part of the skene survives, it gives a glimpse into the backstage world where actors prepared for their roles. The choir made their grand entrances through passages called parodoi. The eastern one has stood the test of time in its entirety, while the western one lingers only in fragments. The seating arrangement is a marvel. Stones, debris, and plaster formed the radially ascending stairs and seats, which were divided into four horizontal sections. This theatre, with its 20 to 22 rows of seats, could once host between three and five thousand spectators. It's a relatively small but charming example of such a structure in Asia Minor. Interestingly, some of the original seats were repurposed to construct the citadel walls, yet archaeologists unearthed two intact in their original spots. These andesite seats, standing about 40 cm tall, offer a tangible link to the past. Ankara's theatre isn't just a relic; it's a testament to the city's rich history and an invitation to imagine the vibrant performances that once graced its stage. If you ever find yourself wandering through Ankara, this theatre is a must-see, offering a unique glimpse into the cultural tapestry of ancient times.