ArtandCulture, Mongolia

If you're looking to step back in time, the Museum of Natural History in Mongolia is your ticket to the past. Established way back in 1924, it first opened its doors as the National Central Museum. Fast forward to 1956, when it took on the name State Central Museum, and finally in 1997, it was rebranded as the Museum of Natural History. This place is more than just a collection of artifacts; it's a journey through Mongolia’s incredible natural heritage. The museum is divided into several fascinating departments: Geography, Geology, Flora and Fauna, and Paleontology. As you wander through the exhibits, you'll be greeted by an impressive array of stuffed and embalmed animals. Ever heard of the elusive Gobi bear or the wild camel? Well, here’s your chance to meet them, along with a host of birds and fish, all showcasing the rich and diverse fauna of Mongolia. But wait, the real showstopper is the Paleontology section. Imagine coming face-to-face with the petrified eggs and bones of dinosaurs that roamed the Gobi Desert a whopping 60 to 70 million years ago. Among the highlights are two complete skeletons: the fearsome Tarbosaurus, a giant flesh-eater, and the duck-billed Saurolophus. It's like stepping onto the set of a prehistoric adventure movie! Did you know that Mongolia has been a hotspot for dinosaur discoveries? Out of the seven types of dinosaurs identified today, five have been unearthed here. The museum also boasts a stunning collection of minerals native to the region. It's a treasure trove of natural wonders that paints a vivid picture of the land's geological history. So, if you're in Ulaanbaatar and have a thirst for knowledge or just a love for all things ancient, make sure to swing by this gem of a museum. It's a captivating blend of education and exploration that will leave you in awe of Mongolia's natural riches.

Welcome to Sukhbaatar Square, the bustling heart of Ulaanbaatar. This lively plaza is dominated by the imposing statue of Sukhbaatar, a beloved national hero. The square itself is named in his honor. Surrounding the square, you'll find some of the city's most important landmarks: the Parliament House, Stock Exchange, Drama Theater, and Cultural Palace. It's a place where history and modernity meet in a fascinating blend. Interestingly, Sukhbaatar Square originated in the early 19th century and was initially known as the Great Universe. The northern boundary was marked by the Yellow Castle, while the Choijin Lama Temple defined the southern edge. Monasteries and noble residences lined the sides, adding to the area's rich historical tapestry. The statue of D. Sukhbaatar was designed by the talented sculptor Ch. Boghola. The draft, etched into jujube cliffs, was approved on February 23, 1946, by the Council of Ministers and the Central Committee of the MPRP. The statue was swiftly erected in the heart of the city and unveiled on July 8, 1946, marking the 25th anniversary of the People's Revolution. It was then that Indra Square was renamed Sukhbaatar Square, a testament to the enduring legacy of the revolution. Standing four meters tall and carved from granite, the statue perches atop a 12-meter high base, reached by a grand staircase. On the sides of this concrete pedestal, an inspiring revolutionary message is engraved: "Our country unites unity and unites a single force, united where there is no place to go, and no one can know and can not find pleasure in pleasure. we have the courage to know our hearts." Fourteen white lion statues, symbolizing strength and protection, encircle the monument, adding a majestic touch to the square's atmosphere. While you’re here, don’t miss the chance to explore the nearby Choijin Lama Temple Museum. It offers a glimpse into Mongolia's spiritual heritage with its intricate Buddhist art and artifacts. Whether you're a history buff or a casual traveler, Sukhbaatar Square is a must-see that captures the spirit of Ulaanbaatar.

Visitors can step inside the statue and ascend to the horse's head, where they're greeted with a breathtaking panoramic view of the surrounding landscape and a reconstructed Mongolian village. This site is more than just a statue; it's a portal to Mongolia's rich history. There's a fascinating museum on the premises featuring an exhibition about the Bronze Age and the archaeological culture of the Xiongnu people in Mongolia. Here, you'll find an intriguing array of artifacts: everyday utensils, belt buckles, knives, and sacred animal representations. Another exhibition highlights the 13th and 14th centuries, showcasing the Mongolian Empire at its zenith. You can marvel at the tools, intricately crafted goldsmith pieces, crosses, and rosaries from this period. For those with a keen interest in history, the museum offers a deep dive into the past, painting a vivid picture of Mongolia's cultural heritage. Plus, don't miss the chance to explore the nearby village, which offers a glimpse into traditional Mongolian life with its authentic yurts and local crafts.

Gandan Monastery stands proudly as Mongolia's largest and most significant spiritual sanctuary, and it's a must-see when exploring the vibrant city of Ulaanbaatar. Constructed in the mid-19th century, this monastery holds the unique distinction of being the only one where Buddhist services persisted even through the communist era. Every day, starting at 10 a.m., the temples come alive as visitors gather for the religious services that continue until midday. A highlight of Gandan Monastery is the Migjid Janraisig Temple, which is home to the awe-inspiring statue of Migjid Janraisig. This new gilded statue, adorned with shimmering jewels, stands an impressive 26 meters tall and weighs 20 tons. It's a faithful reproduction of the original statue that was tragically destroyed in the 1920s during communist suppression. Built in the mid-1990s with heartfelt donations from the Mongolian people, this statue symbolizes the revival of Buddhism in the country. While you're there, take a moment to soak in the tranquil atmosphere and appreciate the intricate architecture that reflects Mongolia's rich cultural heritage. Don't forget to explore the surrounding area too. Ulaanbaatar offers a unique blend of modernity and tradition, with bustling markets, cozy cafes, and a warm hospitality that makes every visitor feel at home.

The Choijin Lama Temple, constructed between 1904 and 1908, stands as a stunning example of traditional Buddhist architecture. This historical site was once the residence of Luvsan Haidav Choijin Lama, the brother of Bogd Khaan, and a significant lama in his own right. The museum here is renowned for its impressive collection of Buddhist artworks, original silk icons, and the intricate masks used in tsam dances. The VIII Bogd Jazzundamba Khutagt Choijin Lama is a Chinggikh lama monastery, designed under the guidance of the Imperial Palace architect and brought to life by over 300 of Mongolia’s finest craftsmen. A staggering 88,779 lan, equivalent to 1,821.2 kg of pure silver, was invested in the construction of this temple. Luvsansmddava, born in Tibet in 1872, made his way to Mongolia in 1876. By 1905, he named his temple the "Temple of Forgiveness" in honor of the Emperor of Manchu. One unique aspect of the temple is its depiction of enemy heads, lungs, and hearts, serving as a symbolic representation against the foes of the religion. The Choijin Monastery ceased its religious activities in 1938. However, it has welcomed the public as a religious museum since 1942, attracting special guests and foreign delegates. Today, the Choijin Lama Temple complex includes several fascinating structures: the Jambai Gate, the Mahrahar Temple, the Gate of Khuderati, the main temple, the Zanhang Temple, the Zuu Temple, the Yadam Temple, and even a mosque. A visit to the Choijin Lama Temple is more than just a trip back in time; it’s an opportunity to immerse yourself in Mongolia’s rich cultural and spiritual heritage. The temple offers a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of modern life, where you can reflect and appreciate the artistry and devotion that has stood the test of time.

Nestled just 80 kilometers from Ulaanbaatar, Terelj National Park is a must-see destination that holds the title of Mongolia's third largest protected area. This stunning locale beckons with its picturesque meadows, where edelweiss and a kaleidoscope of wildflowers paint the landscape. Imagine taking a leisurely stroll through these vibrant fields, with fascinating rock formations set against the backdrop of pine-covered mountains. The gentle murmur of a mountain stream accompanies you as you wander along its wooded banks, creating a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. Adventure seekers will find plenty to satisfy their craving for excitement. The park offers an array of activities: rafting, riding, hiking, skiing, and camping. Whether you're an adrenaline junkie or a laid-back explorer, there's something here for everyone. And let's not forget the local culture. It's worth taking a moment to experience the traditional Mongolian lifestyle, perhaps by visiting a ger camp or enjoying some authentic cuisine. These experiences add a rich layer to your visit, making Terelj National Park not just a feast for the eyes, but a cultural journey as well.

Standing tall, Zaisan Hill offers an unparalleled panoramic view of Ulaanbaatar and its lush surroundings. This iconic landmark is a tribute to the soldiers who bravely fought and lost their lives during World War II. At the summit, you'll find the Zaisan Hill Monument: a striking circular structure adorned with a vibrant mural honoring the alliance between Mongolian and Soviet forces. Zaisan Hill is a harmonious blend of contemporary design and rich history. While it has long been celebrated for its monumental tribute, the area has evolved into a bustling hub with a modern complex that caters to both tourists and locals. Here, you can enjoy a range of amenities, from cozy cafés to lively shops, making it a perfect spot to relax and soak in the local culture. For those looking to dive deeper into the area's cultural significance, consider taking a guided tour. You'll uncover fascinating stories about the monument's history and gain insight into the enduring bond between Mongolia and its allies. Don't forget to bring your camera; the hill offers some of the most stunning photo opportunities in the city.